Del testimonio al dato: distant reading e historia oral digital

Este artículo examina críticamente los límites epistemológicos del distantreading en el estudio del testimonio histórico digital. A partir de una investigación teórica de carácter analítico-crítico, se revisan aportes de la historia oral, las humanidades digitales y los estudios sobre dataficación, con el propósito de problematizar la transformación del testimonio en dato procesable. El argumento sostiene que las metodologías computacionales no son inadecuadas en sí mismas para analizar corpus testimoniales, pero sí modifican el estatuto del testimonio al reinscribirlo en un régimen de legibilidad basado en la abstracción, la agregación y la detección de patrones. Si bien esta operación permite identificar recurrencias y relaciones de escala difícilmente visibles mediante la lectura cercana, también puede invisibilizar la densidad narrativa, situada y relacional que constituye el valor historiográfico del testimonio. Frente a esta tensión, se propone una lectura híbrida o estratificada, capaz de articular herramientas computacionales e interpretación historiográfica.

historia oral, testimonio, distant reading, humanidades digitales, dataficación

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